Proximal Humerus Fracture

A proximal humerus fracture is a break involving the upper portion of the arm bone near the shoulder joint.

These injuries range from minimally displaced fractures to complex multi-part fractures requiring reconstruction or shoulder replacement.

Common causes

• Falls
• Sports injuries
• Motor vehicle accidents
• Osteoporosis-related fragility fractures

Symptoms

• Severe pain
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Difficulty moving the arm
• Weakness

Treatment options

• Sling treatment
• Physical therapy
• Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF)
• Reverse shoulder replacement

Treatment depends on fracture pattern, displacement, bone quality, age, and functional goals.

What this means for patients

Modern fracture treatment focuses on restoring shoulder function, minimizing stiffness, and optimizing long-term recovery after injury.