ROTATOR CUFF TEARS
Partial-Thickness
Rotator Cuff Tears
A partial-thickness rotator cuff tear means the tendon is damaged but not completely torn through. Many partial tears improve without surgery, while others enlarge over time and eventually require repair.
Tendon Still Attached
Often The Main Symptom
Symptoms May Improve
Some Tears Become Full Thickness
What Is A Partial-Thickness Tear?
Unlike a full-thickness tear, a partial tear damages only part of the tendon. The remaining fibers continue to attach the tendon to the bone, allowing many patients to maintain good shoulder strength despite significant pain.
Common Symptoms
- Pain reaching overhead
- Night pain
- Pain while lifting
- Pain throwing
- Pain with exercise
- Mild weakness
Common Causes
- Age-related degeneration
- Repetitive overhead activity
- Sports injuries
- Traumatic injury
- Shoulder impingement
Does It Need Surgery?
Not necessarily.
Many partial tears improve with physical therapy, activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication, or corticosteroid injection. Surgery is considered when pain persists, function declines, or imaging suggests progression.
Often Treated Without Surgery
- Small partial tears
- Good strength
- Improving symptoms
- Minimal functional limitation
Reasons To Consider Surgery
- Persistent pain
- Failure of therapy
- High-grade partial tear
- Progressive weakness
- Athletes or active patients
- Tear progression
Can A Partial Tear Become Larger?
Yes. Some partial tears remain stable for years, while others enlarge and eventually become full-thickness tears. Regular evaluation is appropriate when symptoms worsen or strength declines.
Stable Tears
Remain unchanged for years with good shoulder function.
Progressive Tears
Gradually enlarge and become increasingly painful or weak.
Repairable Tears
Early treatment may preserve tendon quality before progression occurs.
Treatment Goals
Pain Relief
Reduce inflammation and improve comfort.
Motion
Restore comfortable shoulder movement.
Strength
Preserve shoulder function and endurance.
Prevent Progression
Identify patients who may benefit from repair before the tear enlarges.